Drug effects on salivary glands: dry mouth

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Abstract
Objective: To identify drugs associated with the complaint of dry mouth.Materials and Methods: MEDLINE was searched for papers 1980–2002 using keywords, oral, mouth, salivary, drugs, dry mouth and xerostomia, and relevant secondary references were hand‐searched.Results: Evidence was forthcoming for a number of xerogenic drugs, especially antimuscarinic agents, some sympathomimetic agents, and agents affecting serotonin and noradrenaline uptake, as well as a miscellany of other drugs such as appetite suppressants, protease inhibitors and cytokines.Conclusion: Dry mouth has a variety of possible causes but drugs – especially those with anticholinergic activity against the M3 muscarinic receptor – are the most common cause of reduced salivation.

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