Modified J_1 … J_4 method for linear readout of dynamic phase changes in a fiber-optic homodyne interferometer

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Abstract
Fiber-optic interferometers have been studied extensively for sensing applications. Recently a technique described as the J1 … J4 technique was reported for the linear measurement of dynamic phase changes in a fiber interferometer that requires no phase bias and for which the measurement is independent of random phase fluctuations. However, the implementation of the J1 … J4 technique is limited because only the magnitude of the J1 … J4 Bessel components can be measured on a spectrum analyzer without information available on the sign of the Bessel function. Here a modified signal-processing technique that overcomes the limitations mentioned above is described.