Do Penetrating Nematode Larvae assist Bacterial Invasion from the Bowel?

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Abstract
That parasitic worms may induce bacterial invasion from the intestine has frequently been asserted in explanation of the sporadic occurrence of some bacterial and virus diseases of animals. Weinberg, in 1907, gave an extensive review of the literature dealing with inflammatory conditions of the intestine, due to bacterial invasion associated with parasitic worms. He also gave an account of some original clinical observations. He concluded that, by biting and boring into the intestinal wall, or by wounding it with hooks and suckers, the majority of helminths favour the penetration of microbes, these being carried on the exterior and in the intestine of the worms. In one case, where a fatal septicaemia was associated with the presence of a single individual Trichocephalus, the author's conclusion, that even isolated worms are very dangerous, appears to be rather strained. Records of clinical observations of this kind frequently appear in the literature, but, as a general rule, the evidence showing the agency of the worm is very slender and amounts to little more than the observation of the presence of worms in animals suffering from some bacterial disease.