Structural studies of coal extracts

Abstract
The production of liquids from coal by extraction followed by catalytic hydrocracking gives rise to complex extract intermediates and liquid products. Structural studies on these materials with n.m.r., mass spectrometry and other techniques lead to an understanding of the processes occurring and to more effective use of the products. The extract intermediates are characterized by 1 H and 13 C n.m.r., molecular mass and ultimate analyses. Average structures are derived to represent these complex materials. The volatile hydrocracked liquids are analysed by mass spectrometry and chromatography.

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