A Study of the Physical State of some Water-Soluble Dyes in Cellulose by p-Nitrophenol Adsorption

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Abstract
The p-nitrophenol adsorption method has been used to measure the specific surface of two direct dyes and an acid wool dye in various forms of cellulose. The state of association is then determined. At weak shade depths a monolayer of dye is formed on the internal surface of the substrate, but as the shade is deepened multilayers appear to form, and event ually these break up into three-dimensional aggregates. Association occurs more readily in "never-dried" regenerated cettutose film than in normal film and is not influenced by drying. There is a correspondence between the state of association of C.I. Direct Blue 1 measured by the present method and heat of dyeing and specific gravity data of the same dye/film system, determined by Daruwalla and D'Silva.