First-degree atrioventricular block in a young duodenal ulcer patient treated with a standard oral dose of ranitidine

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Abstract
A 20-year-old male patient on oral treatment with ranitidine 300 mg/day in a single bedtime dose was admitted to hospital for a brief episode of syncope which had occurred 20 min earlier. All clinical, laboratory and instrumental examinations yielded negative findings, except for electrocardiographic evidence of first-degree atrioventricular block. Administration of atropine produced transient disappearance of the block, which disappeared altogether after discontinuing ranitidine treatment. Two separate rechallenges with ranitidine each produced recurrence of (asymptomatic) first-degree atrioventricular block at electrocardiographic examination, but oral treatment with cimetidine (400–800 mg/day) and famotidine (40–80 mg/day) induced no electrocardiographic abnormalities. The hypothesis that this patient may be abnormally susceptible to the cholinergic or cholinergic-like effect of ranitidine, a side effect unrelated to the drug's primary H2-blocking action, would appear to be consistent with evidence of an increased vagal tone of the atrioventricular node as revealed by atrial pacing. However, the ability of ranitidine to release histamine in man and the potential dysrhythmia-inducing effect of histamine should also be taken into consideration.