Gravity-dependent phenomena in lung ventilation determined by functional EIT

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Abstract
Gravity exerts an effect on the distribution of intrapulmonary ventilation. A study on the detection of gravity-dependent inhomogeneity of ventilation by a functional EIT technique is presented. The study was performed on five human subjects, whose ventilation distribution was modified by changes in body position. The subjects were studied during spontaneous tidal breathing. The qualitative and quantitative analysis of the functional EIT images revealed that the ventilation is higher in the dependent lung regions when compared with the non-dependent ones. These EIT findings correspond to current knowledge of the physiological behaviour of the lungs as derived from the radioactive-gas methods and raise the possibility of applying the less complicated functional EIT in future studies on ventilation distribution in the lungs. This may be of major interest in the monitoring of intensive care patients with severe pulmonary disorders.