Linear input-output method for quantum fluctuations in optical bistability with two-level atoms

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Abstract
We derive the modifications of the quantum fluctuations of a coherent field after it has interacted with an optical cavity containing an ensemble of two-level atoms. The fluctuations in the output field are separated into two parts: the first one is linked to the parametric transformation of the fluctuations of the incoming field by the atomic medium; the second one is associated with the resonance fluorescence of the atoms driven by the mean intracavity field and coupled with the empty modes of a bath field. We calculate the squeezing spectra and we compare them to the ones obtained with Kerr media having similar dynamic nonlinearities.