HYPERBOLICITY OF GRAD’S EXTENSION OF HYDRODYNAMIC MODELS FOR IONOSPHERIC PLASMA PART I: THE SINGLE SPECIES CASE

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Abstract
We present the fluid equations derived by Schunck following Grad’s approach to solve Boltzmann equation for near Maxwellian distribution functions. We study the hyperbolic part of these systems usually referred to as five-, eight-, 10-, 13- and 16-moment approximation. We show that the hyperbolicity of the systems involving the heat flux as an independent variable always requires a limitation on the heat flux. This limitation fails in the auroral ionospheric zones for the terrestrial plasma.

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