Static and Dynamic Formulation of a Symmetrically Laminated Beam Finite Element for a Microcomputer

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Abstract
A formulation, an efficient solution procedure, a microcomputer program, and a graphics routine for an anisotropic symmetrically laminated beam finite element in cluding the effect of shear deformation is introduced. The emphasis of the formulation and solution procedure is for simplicity, efficiency, and easy implementation on microcomputers. The element possesses six d.o.f.'s at each of the two nodes: trans verse deflection and slope due to bending and shear, respectively, and a twisting angle and its derivative with respect to the beam axis. The formulation, solution procedure, and the program have been evaluated by performing a systematic choice of examples; whenever possible, the present solutions are compared with alternative existing solu tions.