High resolution time-of-flight mass spectrometers. Part III. Reflector design

Abstract
The reflector has a central influence on the properties of a time-of-flight mass spectrometer. The mass resolution can be greatly improved using a reflector with homogeneous fields. A reflector with homogeneous fields can also have focusing properties and thus enhance sensitivity of the instrument. In this case it is important to be aware of design limitations. We present a mathematical method of determining these limitations and also give a guideline for mechanical design.