Transition from the Southern to Northern Hemisphere Summer Monsoon

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Abstract
During the period from 15 February to 20 June 1979, the northward migration of the zones of low outgoing longwave radiation was most clearly defined over the convectively active continental regions of equatorial Africa, the maritime continent, and equatorial South America. Regionally, the withdrawal of the Southern Hemisphere summer monsoon over Indonesia and Australia was followed by the first establishment of the summer monsoon over the Malaysian Peninsula during the midtransition around 15 April, which is about two months earlier than the monsoon onset over central India. In investigating the wind changes during the transition period, smoothed time-series data were constructed by adding three components of winds; viz., the annual mean winds, which are approximately symmetric about the equator; and the yearly and half-yearly wind harmonics that are asymmetric about the equator with a distinct seasonal character. The 200 mb wind patterns during the midtransition exhibit new symmetric character w... Abstract During the period from 15 February to 20 June 1979, the northward migration of the zones of low outgoing longwave radiation was most clearly defined over the convectively active continental regions of equatorial Africa, the maritime continent, and equatorial South America. Regionally, the withdrawal of the Southern Hemisphere summer monsoon over Indonesia and Australia was followed by the first establishment of the summer monsoon over the Malaysian Peninsula during the midtransition around 15 April, which is about two months earlier than the monsoon onset over central India. In investigating the wind changes during the transition period, smoothed time-series data were constructed by adding three components of winds; viz., the annual mean winds, which are approximately symmetric about the equator; and the yearly and half-yearly wind harmonics that are asymmetric about the equator with a distinct seasonal character. The 200 mb wind patterns during the midtransition exhibit new symmetric character w...

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