Abstract
A report on 16 cases of megaloblastic anemia treated with oral or intramuscular penicillin. It is suggested that such anemias may be connected with a high carbohydrate and low protein diet. It is known that such diets will produce an intestinal environment unfavorable for the bacteria that normally synthesize B12. The response to penicillin therapy seems to be associated with the production, utilization, and absorption of B12 in the intestine.