Spontaneous retraction of indwelling catheters: previously unreported complications

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Abstract
The development of totally implantable reservoir central venous access systems has been an important advance in patients requiring long-term central venous access. With lower rates of infection and thrombosis than those with external catheters, they have potential for greater longevity and patient acceptance. Complications such as subcutaneous prosthetic infection, infusate extravasation, and difficulty in locating and puncturing the port have been reported. We present two cases of catheter migration and withdrawal from the subclavian vein. This presumably occurred from the action of the underlying pectoralis muscle on the reservoir, as well as a "jetting effect" during flushing. We make suggestions for prevention of similar problems in the future.

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