X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy of phthalocyanine compounds

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Abstract
X‐ray photoelectron spectra arising from carbon 1s, nitrogen 1s, and iron 2p and 3s levels of metal‐free phthalocyanine (H2Pc), iron (II) phthalocyanine [Fe (II) Pc], and several derivatives of ironphthalocyanine (FePcL), where L=Cl, NO and FePcL2, where L=imidazole, 3‐chloropyridine, 3‐picoline) are presented. Measurements on C1s and N1s levels are similar to those published in the literature, using the C1s main peak as an internal calibrant. Fe3s spectra show multiplet splitting for FePc and FePcL compounds while for FePcL2 there is no observable multiplet splitting. Satellite structure adjacent to the Fe2p 1/2, 2p 3/2 lines for FePcL2compounds and to the N1s photolines for all compounds studied are observed. The main conclusions on the electron configuration of iron in the phthalocyanine compounds are presented and are used to discuss some unsolved charge transfer and spin state problems.