Enzyme patterns of dermatophytes
- 1 January 1994
- Vol. 37 (1-2) , 11-16
- https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0507.1994.tb00278.x
Abstract
Summary. Exoenzymes produced by common dermatophytes, in addition to their ability to cause cutaneous inflammation, are thought to contribute to fungal spread. To investigate the patterns of enzymes released by common dermatophytes as well as Scopulariopsis brevicaulis, the fungi were grown in liquid media containing either hair, stratum corneum, neopeptone or lipids, or in RPMI medium. Enzymes recovered from the culture supernatants were compared using the Apizym test. As a result, the widest range of enzymes was seen in protein-containing media, with a maximum of 13 enzymes stimulated by growth on hair. Dermatophytes in all protein media produced high levels of alkaline phosphatase, esterases and leucine arylamidase. In these media the highest total enzymatic activity was released by Microsporum canis, whereas the lowest was released by Epidermophyton floccosum. Although RPMI broth stimulated luxuriant growth of all species, recovery was limited to a maximum of six enzymes. In lipid medium E. floccosum and M. canis failed to grow. When comparing the various nutrients, Scopulariopsis released fewer enzymes than the dermatophytes and only minor quantities of alkaline phosphatase. We conclude that alkaline phosphatase, esterases and leucine arylamidase may be important for the parasitic growth of dermatophytes. The total enzymatic activity of dermatophytes appears to be correlated with the intensity of cutaneous inflammation. Furthermore, enzyme measurements may be helpful for species identification. Zusammenfassung. Exoenzyme von Dermatophyten tragen sowohl zum Wachstum der Pilze in der Haut bei als auch zur kutanen Entzündungsreaktion. Um die Enzymmuster häufiger Dermatophyten und von Scopulariopsis brevicaulis zu bestimmen, wurden die Erreger in Nährlösungen mit entweder Haar, Stratum corneum, Neopepton oder Fetten, sowie in RPMI-Medium gezüchtet. Die Enzyme in den Kulturüberständen wurden mit Hilfe des Api-zymR Tests verglichen. Die breitesten Spektren mit bis zu 13 Enzymen wurden von Haaren induziert, gefolgt von den anderen Proteinsubstraten. In diesen Medien wurden für alle Dermatophyten hohe Aktivitäten von alkalischer Phosphatase, Esterasen und Leucinarylamidase gemessen. Die höchste Gesamtenzymaktivität in den Proteinmedien wurde von Microsporum canis, die geringste von Epidermophyton floccosum freigesetzt. Alle Arten wuchsen gut in RPMI-Medium, wenngleich dabei maximal nur 6 Enzyme nachweisbar waren. Im Lipidmedium wuchsen E. floccosum und M. canis nicht. Unter Berücksichtigung aller Nährmedien setzte Scopulariopsis insgesamt eine geringere Zahl von Enzymen frei als die Dermatophyten und nur eine niedrige Aktivität von alkalischer Phosphatase. Nach unseren Ergebnissen könnten besonders alkalische Phosphatase, Esterasen und Leucinarylamidase für das parasitäre Wachstum von Dermatophyten bedeutsam sein. Die Enzymaktivität von Dermatophyten scheint mit der Intensität der kutanen Entzündung zu korrelieren. Enzymmusterbestimmungen könnten außerdem hilfreich bei der Artdifferenzierung sein.Keywords
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