Some determinants of social distance among American, German, and Japanese students.

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Abstract
Scales of social distance were independently standardized in Germany, Illinois, and Japan. Approximately 100 Ss, from each culture, responded to a questionnaire consisting of complex stimulus persons (varying simultaneously in race, occupation, religion, and nationality) and social-distance statements. Race, occupation, religion, and nationality—in that order—are the important determinants of social distance in Illinois; occupation, religion, race, and nationality—in that order—in Germany; occupation, race, and nationality in Japan. The social distance scores were not related to any response style characteristics of the Ss, but Ss of differing personality types show differing degrees of social distance. The F Scale, corrected for acquiescence response set, was moderately correlated to some of the social-distance scores in all 3 cultures. (26 ref.) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)

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