A study of some deactivation methods for fused silica capillary columns by CP‐MAS NMR and capillary gas chromatography

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Abstract
The effect of deactivating a fused silica surface by silylation with 1,1,3,3‐tetraphenyl‐1,3‐dimethylilazane (TPDMDS), triphenylsilylamine (TPSA), and octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D4) and by polydimethylsiloxane degradation (PSD) is studied. Rehydrated, dried, and deactivated Cab‐O‐Sil M5 samples are used as model materials for 29Si CP‐MAS NMR analysis.At about 350 °C, TPDMDS yelds mainly diphenylmethylsiloxysilane, dimethyldisiloxysilane, and triphenylsiloxysilane groups. TPSA yields phenyltrisiloxysilane, diphenyldisiloxysilane, and triphenylsiloxysilane groups. At 400°C, the products formed initially are eventually replaced by methyltrisiloxysilane or phenyltrisiloxysilane groups, while a substantial number of silanol groups still remains. The possible consequences for wettability are discussed.D4 reacts with Cab‐O‐Sil even at 200°C, but a large number of silanol groups remains. This number decreases gradually at higher temperatures and becomes negligible above 400°C. The formation of methyltrisiloxysilane groups, which starts at 425°C, is predominant at 490°C.