Development of Hyaline Membranes and Atelectases in Experimental Chronic Respiratory Acidosis.

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Abstract
Guinea pigs exposed for prolonged periods to 3% and 15% CO2 developed hyaline membranes associated with atelectases which were predominantly located in subpleural regions. Simultaneous blood pH and p CO2 measurements showed that the incidence of hyaline membranes was highest during the uncompensated phase of respiratory acidosis and declined steadily during the compensated phase of respiratory acidosis reaching 0% after 14-93 days of exposure to 15% CO2. Development of hyaline membranes appears therefore related to a nonspecific acidosis effect rather than to a specific CO2 effect. The stress effect of CO2 was found to be an additional factor involved in producing these pulmonary lesions, because an increased adrenal cortical activity was measured during the uncompensated phase of respiratory acidosis. Rats did not exhibit hyaline membranes during prolonged exposure to 3% while 1.5% CO2 did not produce effects in either guinea pigs or rats.

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