The effect of paired atrial pacing on left atrial and ventricular performance in the dog

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Abstract
Paired atrial pacing in anaesthetized open-chest dogs increased the force of atrial contraction. In preparations in which the vagi had been cut, and propranolol administered or upper thoracic sympathectomy performed, paired atrial pacing resulted in augmentation of ventricular performance with increased cardiac output and raised systemic arterial pressure.