Laboratory and in situ measurements of selected geoacoustic properties of carbonate sediments

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Abstract
Selected geoacoustic properties of sediments such as shear modulus (G), frame loss coefficient (δ), porosity (β), and the permeability (ks) are needed as input to predictive geoacoustic models. In situ and laboratory measurements of these properties for carbonate sediments of the Great Bahama Bank are presented here. Shear modulus and frame loss coefficient are measured at very low shear strain amplitude by using a combined torsional, resonant column, and triaxial (CTRCT) apparatus in the laboratory. The in situ shear modulus is measured by a newly developed bottom shear modulus profiler (BSMP). The in situ and laboratory measurements of shear modulus, porosity, and permeability are compared. These comparisons indicate that the laboratory and in situ measurements of shear modulus and porosity are in good agreement; however, in our comparisons, the permeability measurements in the laboratory were always somewhat lower than the in situ values. Particle size analysis indicates that these sediments are mixtures of fine silty sand. The attenuation of compressional waves through shallow water oolitic carbonates is found to be comparable with the data for noncarbonate sediments, indicating that the geoacoustic properties of oolitic carbonates may be estimated by the same methods used for noncarbonate sediments.

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