Abstract
Due to the growing lack of success of the traditional instruments and strategies of local economic promotion since the beginning of the eighties the local authorities in the Federal Republic of Germany have been starting new initiatives to give stimuli to local business and to promote structural change. This new era began with the foundation of the first public sponsored venture capital fund in Berlin in 1982, the opening of the first German innovation and technology center in 1983 (in Berlin too) and the start-up of new forms of cooperation between public and private sectors in some cities of the FRG. Against the background of the experiences of a number of West-German cities the following article describes the local factors of innovation which initiate a self-generating economic process at local level or which are barriers to the formaltion of new innovative firms.

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