The effect of peptides containing the arginine-glycine-aspartic acid sequence on the adsorption of foot-and-mouth disease virus to tissue culture cells

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Abstract
Sequencing of the VP1 of a large number of subtypes of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) has revealed the presence of a conserved arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) sequence located in a highly exposed region. This sequence has been shown to be essential for the interaction of certain extracellular matrix and adhesion proteins with a superfamily of cell-surface receptors called integrins. We have examined the effects of synthetic peptides containing the RGD sequence on the binding of eight different subtypes of FMDV to tissue culture cells. The results showed that such peptides inhibited viral adsorption by 50–80%. The inhibition was dose dependent but not as great as that achieved by using a saturating amount of virus as an inhibitor. Substitution of other amino acids for any of the three main residues lowered the inhibitory properties of the peptides. These results suggest that the RGD sequence in FMDV VP1 appears to be important for the interaction of virus with cellular receptor sites.