Sex affects manganese absorption and retention by humans from a diet adequate in manganese

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Abstract
Men (n = 20) and women (n = 20) consuming a diet adequate in manganese were fed 0.037 mBq 54Mn in a test meal. Subjects were counted in a whole-body counter for 70 d to determine whole-body retention of 54Mn. Data from days 10 to 20 and from days 19 to 70 were analyzed by linear regression to calculate absorption and biological half-life. Men absorbed significantly less 54Mn than women, but the 54Mn absorbed had a longer half-life in men. Estimates of absorption were higher, and estimates of half-life were lower, when data from days 10 to 20 were used compared with days 19 to 70. There was a significant association between manganese absorption and plasma ferritin concentrations and between manganese absorption and biological half-life. We conclude that men and women differ in manganese metabolism and that such differences may be related to iron status. We also conclude that regression estimates of absorption determined by using whole-body retention curves depend on the portion of the data used.