Study of the Zirconium Isotopes with the (p,t) Reaction

The ($p,t$) reaction has been studied on all stable isotopes of zirconium at a proton energy of 38 MeV. Triton spectra were analyzed with a magnetic spectrograph yielding over-all resolution on the order of 25 keV. Comparison of experimental angular distributions with two-nucleon transfer distorted-wave Born-approximation calculations is made to extract spin-parity assignments and transition enhancement factors for many of the observed levels. The observed $L=0\mathrm{}$ transitions are discussed in terms of the shell model and the pairing-vibration model. The levels observed in ${}_{}{}^{88,89,90,92,94}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Zr}$ are compared with results of other experiments to derive a number of new level assignments. Measurements are also obtained of the one- and two-neutron binding energies from $Q$ values deduced for the ($p,t$) and ($p,d$) ground-state transfer reactions.