Gelation of small diameter, thoria sol microspheres in non-flowing alcohols

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Abstract
A study was made to determine the parameters affecting the mass transfer of water during gelation of 2 M thoria sols in nonflowing alcohol systems. The alcohols used were 2-ethyl-1-hexanol (2EH) and mixtures of isoamyl alcohol (iAA) and 2-ethyl-1-hexanol. The maximum gelled particle diameters were determined for 5- and 11-ft-long columns of alcohol. Mass transfer theory was used in the development of a computer program to predict the maximum diameters expected. With an increase in iAA concentration, the maximum gelled particle diameter increased. Cracking and deformation were noted, primarily in the larger spheres, at iAA concentrations greater than 30 vol percent. The predictions from correlations indicated the expected trends but were, in general, 10 to 20 percent low.

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