Endodontic irrigation—a comparison of endosonic and syringe delivery systems

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Abstract
Summary. This study compared syringe irrigation with endosonic‐facilitated irrigation. Two experiments, conducted on acrylic models and extracted natural human teeth, tested both the degree of apical penetration and the flushing potential of irrigant in canals prepared to different sizes. Radio‐opaque dyes of different viscosities were used to monitor radiographically irrigant delivery or dye removal. Results indicated that endosanics was significantly superior to syringe irrigation alone, particularly in canals prepared apically to a diameter of 0.3 mm or less without coronal flaring.