Liquid Chromatography−Electrospray Tandem Mass Spectrometry of cis-Resveratrol and trans-Resveratrol: Development, Validation, and Application of the Method to Red Wine, Grape, and Winemaking Byproducts

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Abstract
The application of liquid chromatography−electrospray tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS) was investigated for the analysis of trans-resveratrol in red wine, grape skin, grape pomace, and winemaking byproducts. Chromatographic elution performed under isocratic reversed-phase conditions using a C18 narrow-bore LC column allowed retention times lower than 12 min to be obtained. Qualitative analysis was performed in negative-ion (NI) full-scan and product-ion scan acquisition modes, whereas method validation in terms of linearity, detection limits, accuracy, and robustness was carried out under NI selected reaction monitoring conditions. The matrix-matched detection limit was calculated in the low parts per billion range (10 μg/L). Results of the application of the method to red wine, grape, and winemaking byproduct samples were compared with those obtained using an LC-UV/DAD technique. Determination of trans-resveratrol in the samples investigated showed that the highest concentration was found in red wine, whereas wine made from grape pomace contained the lowest content. Keywords: trans-Resveratrol; cis-resveratrol; wine; winemaking byproducts; liquid chromatography−tandem mass spectrometry