Ultra-Sensitive Immunoassays Using Multi-Photon-Detection in Diagnostic Proteomics of Blood

Abstract
Multiphoton-detection methods that detect as little as 1000 atoms of 125I-streptavidin increase the sensitivity of immunoassays by 200- to 1000-fold (1 femtogram/mL). Improved background suppression allows 20- to 100-fold improvements in sensitivity for conventional immunoassays (10−50 femtogram/mL). Quantitation of low abundance biomarkers in blood (PSA, TNFα, VEGF, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8), for the first time for complete patient cohorts, indicates that very high analytical sensitivity and new statistical methods are crucial for serum-based diagnostic proteomics. Keywords: multiphoton-detection • blood • serum • proteomics • diagnostics • immunoassay • cytokines • growth factors • breast cancer • HIV-1

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