Chromosomal alterations induced by some chromium salts.

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Abstract
Two Cr salts, potassium dichromate and calcium chromate, induced alterations in the chromosomes of Vicia faba root tip cells. These alterations consisted of subchromatid types (subchromatid bridges), chromatid types (single bridges with and without single fragments, and single fragments), chromosome types (double bridges with and without double fragments, and double fragments), chromosomes with inactivated centromere, isochromosomes and micronuclei. The Cr salts did not produce delayed aberrations and were capable of inducing chromosomal lesions in all phases of the cell cycle. They had an S-independent effect, and they lengthened the cell cycle. The effects could be due to binding of Cr to nucleic acids and nucleoproteins, or to the action of the enzymes liberated from lysosomes by the Cr damage. Potassium dichromate affected the chromosomes as efficiently as calcium chromate.

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