In Vitro Cell Attachment to Characterized cp Titanium Surfaces

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Abstract
An in vitro assay was developed to study cell attachment to modified cp titanium surfaces. Titanium surfaces were polished to different roughnesses and were modified by rinsing in either deionized water, pH 7 or pH 11 buffers or NaOH solution following acid passivation with nitric acid. Smooth acid passivated surfaces rinsed in deionized water resulted in a surface having minimal contamination which promoted optimum cell attachment. Surface characterization, including SEM (Scanning electron microscopy) and XPS (X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy) indicated that most rinses resulted in deposition of particles whose morphology and composition were dependent upon the nature of the rinse solution. Cell attachment was dramatically affected by the surfaces with altered chemistry. These results indicated that cellular attachment is dependent, in large part, on the chemistry of the implant surfaces. A better understanding of the role of implant surface chemistry on cell attachment and other biological processes is needed.