Statistical mechanics of simple fluids: beyond van der Waals

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Abstract
Dense fluids, defined to include both dense gases and liquids, have the reputation of being especially difficult to deal with theoretically. This reputation is not undeserved. Unlike dilute gases and crystalline solids, which can be thought of as deviants from well understood ideal states, the ideal gas and the ideal harmonic crystal, the dense fluid lies far from any recognizable landmark. This rules out the use of straightforward, convergent or asymptotic, expansions—the all-purpose tool of the theoretical physicist—and makes even the hardy wince.