Evaluation of the ESPLINE® INFLUENZA A&B‐N Kit for the Diagnosis of Avian and Swine Influenza

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Abstract
The ESPLINE® INFLUENZA A&B‐N kit was evaluated for its applicability to the rapid diagnosis of influenza in chickens and pigs. The kit specifically detected viral antigens in tracheal swabs and tissue homogenates of the trachea, liver, spleen, and colon of chickens inoculated with a highly pathogenic avian influenza virus strain, A/chicken/Yamaguchi/7/04 (H5N1), at 48 hr post‐inoculation (p.i.) as well as in the tracheal and cloacal swabs and tissue homogenates of dead chickens. For those infected with a low pathogenic strain, A/chicken/aq‐Y‐55/01 (H9N2), antigens were detected only in the samples from tracheal swabs and organs 1–4 days p.i. The kit also detected viral antigens in the nasal swabs of miniature pigs infected with swine and avian influenza viruses. The kit was found to be sensitive and specific enough for the rapid diagnosis of infections of influenza A virus in chickens and pigs.