Feeding Behavior and Developmental, Seasonal and Diel Changes in the Food of the Silverjaw Minnow, Ericymba buccata Cope

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Abstract
A study of the silverjaw minnow, E. buccata Cope, in Vigo County, Indiana [USA], involved the analysis of the stomach contents of more than 1400 fish and 27 h of field and laboratory observation. This species is a bottom-feeder relying mainly on taste and tactile senses. Its feeding behavior involves random searching, frequent mouthing of the bottom substrate, jabbing and digging. The intensity and frequency of these activities are influenced by the presence of food and the activity of other members of the school. It feeds throughout the day. The nocturnal food consists mainly of chironomid larvae and the diurnal food, mainly entomostracans. Diptera larvae are the most important spring and summer food, while entomostracans are the most important food in autumn and winter. Smaller fish use a greater volume of entomostracans, a lesser variety of food and feed more frequently and intensely; larger fish use a greater volume of Diptera larvae, a wider variety of food and feed less frequently and intensely. The ecological significance of these findings is discussed.

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