Crystal-Field Splitting of Trivalent Thulium and Erbium J Levels in Yttrium Oxide

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Abstract
The optical absorption and fluorescence spectra of trivalent thulium in single crystals of yttrium oxide and the absorption spectrum of pure thulium oxide, are investigated. All the 4f12 electronic energy levels except the 1S0 level are identified. The three Slater Fk parameters and the spin—orbit parameter ζ, giving the best over‐all agreement between the observed spectrum and the calculated spectrum are: F2=446.70 cm—1, F4=70.491 cm—1, F6=7.534 cm—1, and ζ=2617 cm—1. A detailed crystalline‐field splitting perturbation calculation is carried out for trivalent thulium and trivalent erbium ions in the C2 sites of the Y2O3 lattice. The predicted crystalline‐field splitting for these ions is compared with the thulium data reported in this paper and with the erbium data reported earlier. The average deviations between the predicted and the observed splittings for 71 crystalline Stark levels in the Tm3+ spectrum and 65 levels in the Er3+ spectrum, are 13 and 11 cm—1, respectively.

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