Materials Added to Oil Spray to Increase Its Effectiveness in Citrus Pest Control1

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Abstract
Materials have been added to oil spray to improve the spray by physical means and by chemical means. In the former category are emulsifiers, spreaders, finely divided solids and certain solutes which make possible preferential wetting and penetration control. Among the chemical means of improving oil sprays is an increase in its toxicity. Examples of increase in toxicity of an oil spray by means of the addition of toxicants are: (1) cryolite in orange worm control, (2) Selocide and wettable sulfur in citrus red mite control, (3) various S compounds in citrus red mite and citrus bud mite control, (4) lime-sulfur used with miscible oil in control of unarmored scale insects and citrus red mite, (5) nicotine sulfate in greenhouse thrips control and nicotine in red scale control experiments, (6) pyrethrum in greenhouse thrips control, (7) dinitro-o-cyclo-hexylphenol in scale control experiments, (8) Lethane in black and red scale control expts., (9) prepns. including ground rotenone-bearing roots in black scale control, and (10) the extractives of rotenone-bearing plants incorporated into oil by means of solubilizers and used in the control of citrus scale insects.

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