An Overview of Diesel Particulate Exposures and Control Technology in the U.S. Mining Industry

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Abstract
Studies of diesel particulate exposures in the U.S. mining industry indicate that diesel particulate exposures in surface mining operations are generally less than 0.2 mg/m3. Average diesel particulate exposures in underground coal mines using diesel-powered equipment ranged from 0.1 to 2.1 mg/m3. Average diesel particulate exposures in underground metal and nonmetal mines ranged from 0.3 to 1.6 mg/m3. The purpose of this article is to provide an overview on worker exposure to diesel particulate matter (DPM) and to discuss the effect of control technology on that exposure. Worker exposure has been assessed from in-mine diesel particulate measurements. The effect of control technology has been evaluated by a systems approach, which includes engine emission rate, mine ventilation system, and the effectiveness of engine aftertreatment devices. Studies conducted by the Mine Safety and Health Administration and the Bureau of Mines show that the primary means currently employed by the mining industry to control worker exposure to DPM include mine design, ventilation, engine maintenance, and the use of low sulfur fuel. Additional reductions in exposure can be obtained through the use of electronic engine technology. Commercially available aftertreatment devices are capable of reducing DPM by 25 to 95 percent. Reductions in exposure to DPM are dependent on the application of available engine emission control technology and modifications to mine ventilation systems.

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