Photoelectron spectra of the α-substituted derivatives of furan, thiophen, selenophen, and tellurophen. A comparative study of the molecular orbital energies

Abstract
Vertical ionization energies of the two highest molecular orbitals and of orbitals mainly localized on the substituent of 31 α-substituted derivatives of furan, thiophen, selenophen, and tellurophen are discussed. The substituent effects confirm the reversal in the energy sequence of the two highest occupied π-MOs of tellurophen with respect to other five-membered heteroaromatic congeners and permit the assignment of the ionization energy values of the and π2, π3 MOs in selenophen. Assignments for some of the bands other than the first two it :he photoelectron spectra of tellurophen and selenophen are proposed. The effect of the ring on the orbitals mainly localized on the substituent is briefly discussed.

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