Phosphorus-31 and Nitrogen- 14 NMR Studies of the Uptake of Phosphorus and Nitrogen Compounds in the Marine Macroalgae Ulva lactuca

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Abstract
Cytoplasmic phosphomonoesters and inorganic phosphate, as well as vacuolar inorganic phosphate and polyphosphates, gave rise to the major peaks in 31P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra of the marine macroalgae Enteromorpha sp., Ceramium sp., and Ulva lactuca which were collected from the sea. In contrast, NMR-visible polyphosphates were lacking in Pylaiella sp. and intracellular vacuolar phosphate seemed to act as the main phosphorus store in this organism. In laboratory experiments, polyphosphates decreased in growing U. lactuca which was cultivated in continuous light under phosphate-deficient conditions. In contrast, the same organism cultivated in seawater with added phosphate and ammonium, accumulated phosphate mainly in the form of polyphosphates. When nitrate was provided as the only nitrogen source, accumulation of polyphosphates in the algae decreased with increasing external nitrate concentration. From the chemical shift of the cytoplasmic Pi peak, the cytoplasmic pH of superfused preparations of Ulva was estimated at 7.2. The vacuolar pH, determined from the chemical shifts of the vacuolar Pi and the terminal polyphosphate peaks, was between 5.5 and 6.0. The intracellular nitrate and ammonium levels in U. lactuca were determined by 14N NMR. Both nitrogen sources were taken up and stored intracellularly; however, the uptake of ammonium was much faster than that of nitrate.