Detecting Item BIAS in Affective Scales

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Abstract
The purpose of the study was to demonstrate the use of confirmatory factor analysis to investigate the existence of item bias in an affective scale measuring self-concept. The data were collected from three ethnic groups (Black, Hispanic, and White) in grade eight (N = 1264). The factor structure and item uniqueness were simultaneously compared across ethnic groups by using the LISREL program. A differential response pattern found across the three groups indicated potential bias in score interpretation. The study illustrated that structural analysis may be a useful methodology in the investigation of item bias in affective scales.

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