Abstract
The problem of optimizing an optical system is analyzed. Two major difficulties are encountered in this problem: (1) A large number of construction parameters must be considered simultaneously. (2) The relation between construction parameters and system performance is nonlinear. Classical aberration theory provides a method of meeting these difficulties, but for an automated computer program presents a further problem: The classical aberrations are not orthogonal. An orthonormal aberration theory suitable for computer programs is defined.

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