Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to show that the essential properties of the propagation of noise over real soil surfaces can be modeled using the properties of fibrous absorbent materials and the appropriate theory of sound propagation along a finite impedance boundary. This work is an expansion of the original proposals of Delany and Bazley [J. Sound Vib. 16, 315–322 (1971)]. The model predictions are shown to be in good agreement with a variety of experimental ground absorption measurements. The application of the model to the measurement of aircraft reverse thrust noise is described.

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