Retinoids and related compounds. Part 15. Synthesis and spectral characterization of bicyclic retinals involving the 8–18 or 8–16 bonded structure

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Abstract
In order to investigate both the chromophore conformation around the trimethylcyclohexene ring and the origin of the induced β-circular dichroism (CD) band in rhodopsin, two C(6)–C(7) singlebond fixed retinal analogues, 6s-cis- and 6s-trans-locked bicyclic retinals 5 and 6, have been synthesized. Their spectral characterization is described.