THE ARCTIC CIRCULATION IN SUMMER

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Abstract
On the basis of a number of synoptic and synoptical-climatological studies, the following picture of the arctic circulation in summer is presented. A secondary baroclinic zone, distinct from the polar front, develops along the northern shores of Siberia, Alaska and Canada. Cyclones which originate in this zone, and to a lesser extent in the polar frontal zones to the south, frequently invade the central Arctic. The stagnation of these lows near the pole leads to a high frequency of occurrence of low pressure centers and a weak area of low pressure in the mean. There is no evidence for the often assumed semi-permanent anticyclone near the pole. Anticyclones are most frequent in the belt between 70N and 75N, favored locations being central Greenland and the area about the Beaufort Sea. The disturbances of the polar region in summer are shown to be similar to typical middle-latitude storm systems. An example of a typical baroclinic wave development is discussed, a cross section through a high-latitu... Abstract On the basis of a number of synoptic and synoptical-climatological studies, the following picture of the arctic circulation in summer is presented. A secondary baroclinic zone, distinct from the polar front, develops along the northern shores of Siberia, Alaska and Canada. Cyclones which originate in this zone, and to a lesser extent in the polar frontal zones to the south, frequently invade the central Arctic. The stagnation of these lows near the pole leads to a high frequency of occurrence of low pressure centers and a weak area of low pressure in the mean. There is no evidence for the often assumed semi-permanent anticyclone near the pole. Anticyclones are most frequent in the belt between 70N and 75N, favored locations being central Greenland and the area about the Beaufort Sea. The disturbances of the polar region in summer are shown to be similar to typical middle-latitude storm systems. An example of a typical baroclinic wave development is discussed, a cross section through a high-latitu...

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