Metabolism of organophosphorus insecticides by liver homogenates from different species

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Abstract
The rates of disappearance of parathion, diazinon, ethion, phorate, Di-Syston (disulfoton), methyl-parathion, Guthion (aziaphosmethyl), and ronnel effected by a hepatic oxidative desulfurating system of four different species in the presence of NAD and NADP were determined. The rates of disappearance of the last three insecticides effected by the demethylating system in the presence of reduced glutathione have been determined also. The parent insecticides were determined by gas–liquid chromatography after extracting them from the incubation mixture with hexane. The conversion products formed by the oxidative system were detected by carboxylesterase inhibition on thin-layer chromatographic plates. Inhibitors were detected in extracts from the incubation mixtures of all liver homogenates with all the insecticides studied except phorate and Di-Syston. The rates of disappearance of phorate and Di-Syston were considerably higher than the rates for the other compounds with all the liver homogenates studied except female chicken liver. Methylparathion, Guthion, and ronnel were metabolized by both systems, but the demethylating system was more active for the three compounds. The rates of disappearance of the different insecticides effected by the oxidative system were considerably less when incubated with female chicken livers than with male chicken livers. These differences were not observed with the demethylating system. The rat, guinea pig, and monkey liver homogenates were all uniformly active in metabolizing the different insecticides by the oxidative system.

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