Decreased Catecholamine Sensitivity and β-Adrenergic-Receptor Density in Failing Human Hearts

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Abstract
To identify the role of the myocardial β-adrenergic pathway in congestive heart failure, we examined β-adrenergic-receptor density, adenylate cyclase and creatine kinase activities, muscle contraction in vitro, and myocardial contractile protein levels in the left ventricles of failing and normally functioning hearts from cardiac-transplant recipients or prospective donors. Eleven failing left ventricles had a 50 to 56 per cent reduction in β-receptor density, a 45 per cent reduction in maximal isoproterenol-mediated adenylate cyclase stimulation, and a 54 to 73 per cent reduction in maximal isoproterenol-stimulated muscle contraction, as compared with six normally functioning ventricles (P0.05). We conclude that in failing human hearts a decrease in β-receptor density leads to subsensitivity of the β-adrenergic pathway and decreased β-agonist-stimulated muscle contraction. Regulation of β-adrenergic receptors may be an important variable in cardiac failure. (N Engl J Med. 1982; 307:205–11.)