EFFECT OF TREATING DIFFERENT HORIZONS OF SASSAFRAS LOAM ON ROOT DEVELOPMENT OF RED CLOVER

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Abstract
In contrast with the extensive root system reported for red clover (Trifolium pratense) on prairie and chernozem soils, root occupation rarely exceeded a depth of 14 in. and a similar lateral spread on Sassafras loam (gray-brown forest soil). Tillage of the A2 horizon (8-14 in.) increased root development in that horizon 5- to 10-fold, and induced substantial penetration of the B horizon (14-30 in.). Application of lime, farm manure, or commercial fertilizers in the tilled A2 horizon stimulated root development in the treated zone but inhibited root extension into the B horizon. Treatments applied to the Ap, the customary farm practice, inhibited occupation of lower horizons. Improved aeration resulting from tillage of the A2 seemed to be primarily responsible for increasing root occupation of horizons below the Ap.