The induction of sexual reproduction in Daphnia magna: genetic differences between arctic and temperate populations

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Abstract
Even when provided with abundant food and grown in isolation, D. magna from arctic Canada responds to declining photoperiods by producing male and then ephippial offspring. In contrast, clones of English [UK] origin do not alter their reproductive behavior when exposed to photoperiod shifts. Hybrid clones show an intermediate response in terms of ephippial egg production, but a variable response in male production. Variation exists at gene loci controlling sexual behavior in local populations as well as between distant populations. The significance of this variation is discussed in relation to the environmental heterogeneity encountered by D. magna over its extensive range.

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