Butorphanol

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Abstract
BUTORPHANOL tartrate (Stadol, Dorphanol) is one of a species of narcotic analgesics or opioids that combine the properties of the common opioids and the actions of an opioid antagonist such as the widely used naloxone (Narcan).1 The introduction of this completely synthetic morphinan derivative (Fig. 1) coincided with the advent of another agonist-antagonist, nalbuphine hydrochloride,2 3 4 and with interest in a third, similar compound, buprenorphine.HistoryThe addition of an n-allyl radical to codeine, in 1915, gave rise to n-allyl norcodeine that could abolish the respiratory depressant action of morphine. Over 25 years later, n-allyl normorphine or nalorphine was synthesized; it . . .

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