Abstract
The principal focus of sylvatic plague on the Peruvian-Ecuadorian frontier is located on the mountains, La Mesa and Cortezo, which are covered with dense vegetation consisting of large trees. The climate is continental. In these areas there was a complete absence of those spp. of domestic rats which are involved in plague transmission in the rest of the country. The region is sparsely populated and the only explanation of 19 cases of bubonic plague was that they had become infected in the cornfields on the mountains specified. In these same areas plague was epizootic among the native wild rodents. Many mites, ticks, lice, and fleas were found on these wild rodents. The fleas were all of the genus Rhopalopsyllus.

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